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WHO Guidelines

Global guidance on criteria and processes for validation: elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B virus

World Health Organization, 2021

Validation of elimination of mother-to-child transmission, or vertical transmission, of HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B virus (HBV), is an attestation that a country has successfully met standard criteria for elimination, or for being at 1 of the 3 levels of achievement on the ‘Path to Elimination’ while delivering quality services for women, girls and their children, through the life-course, respecting human rights and ensuring gender equality and community engagement.

This document, the third version, adds on EMTCT of hepatitis B virus (HBV), bringing together a package of interventions and metrics to support integrated management and monitoring of vertical transmission across a wide range of epidemiological and programmatic contexts.

Categories
Disease Estimation

WHO Congenital Syphilis (CS) Estimation Tool

World Health Organization, Last Updated September 2020

The WHO Congenital Syphilis (CS) Estimation Tool was developed as a tool for countries to estimate current and historical CS case numbers, case rates and adverse birth outcomes, and to look at future trends in congenital syphilis cases under different scenarios of antenatal care coverage and maternal syphilis testing and treatment. It can also be used to estimate benzathine benzylpenicillin requirements for maternal syphilis treatment (1 dose of 2.4 million units of BPG per seropositive woman). The Tool builds on the methods used by WHO to estimate global congenital syphilis.

Categories
WHO Guidelines

Governance guidance for the validation of elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis

World Health Organization, 2020

This governance guidance provides further detail on the standardized structure and processes used to validate the elimination of the mother-to-child transmission (EMTCT) of HIV and syphilis. This publication serves alongside and as a supplement to the Global guidance on the criteria and processes for validation: elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis (global EMTCT guidance), the four country assessment tools on EMTCT of HIV and syphilis and the pre-assessment tool on EMTCT of HIV and syphilis and termed path to elimination (PTE).

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WHO Guidelines

Dual HIV/syphilis rapid diagnostic tests can be used as the first test in antenatal care

World Health Organization, 2019

WHO recommends that pregnant women receive testing for HIV, syphilis and hepatitis B (HBSAg) at least once during pregnancy, preferably in the first trimester.

Dual HIV/syphilis rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) can be used as the first test for pregnant women as part of antenatal care (ANC) in place of an HIV-only RDT.

These simple tests can be used at the point-of-care and are cost-saving compared to standard testing in ANC. They enable more women to be diagnosed with HIV and syphilis so that they can access treatment and prevent transmission to their children.

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WHO Guidelines

WHO guideline on syphilis screening and treatment for pregnant women

World Health Organization, 2017

Since the publication of the WHO Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections in 2003, changes in the epidemiology of STIs and advancements in prevention, diagnosis and treatment necessitate changes in STI management.​

This guideline provides updated recommendations for syphilis screening and treatment for pregnant women based on the most recent evidence and available serologic tests for syphilis.

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WHO Guidelines

WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience

World Health Organization, 2016

This comprehensive WHO guideline provides global, evidence-informed recommendations on routine antenatal care. The guidance aims to capture the complex nature of the issues surrounding ANC health care practices and delivery and to prioritize person-centered health and well-being, not only the prevention of death and morbidity, in accordance with a human rights-based approach.

Categories
WHO Guidelines

WHO Guidelines for the Treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis)

World Health Organization, 2016

Outlines rationale, objectives, target audience, and structure of guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis).​

Provides evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of specific clinical conditions caused by Treponema pallidum which includes early latent, late latent, and congenital syphilis.

Supports and provides directions to countries as they develop national treatment recommendations.

Categories
Monitoring and Evaluation

A tool for strengthening STI surveillance at the country level

World Health Organization, April 2015

It is important to help countries to determine how to prioritize and support these critical surveillance activities through the development of simple and standardized reporting forms and operational tools. This assessment tool is intended to assist countries in conducting an STI surveillance assessment to identify how to best optimize and strengthen existing systems, monitor trends, and interpret data to improve STI control programmes. This assessment tool complements the recent WHO guidance on how to evaluate national HIV surveillance systems, which includes a brief mention of the key aspects of STI surveillance.

Categories
WHO Guidelines

Laboratory diagnosis of sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus

World Health Organization, 2013

This manual provides a basic understanding of the principles of laboratory tests in the context of screening and diagnostic approaches, as well as antimicrobial susceptibility testing, as components of STI control. Syphilis is addressed in Chapter 10.